氣力輸送系統(tǒng)利用氣流沿管路輸送散粒物料的裝置。有吸送式、壓送式和混合式三種。其工作原理是利用氣流的動(dòng)能使散粒物料呈懸浮狀態(tài)隨氣流沿管道輸送。廣泛應(yīng)用于食品、化工、醫(yī)藥、橡塑等行業(yè)。
Pneumatic conveying system is a device that uses air flow to transport bulk materials along the pipeline. There are three types: suction type, pressure type and mixed type. Its working principle is to use the kinetic energy of the air flow to make the bulk materials suspended and transported along the pipeline with the air flow. It is widely used in food, chemical, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastic industries.
氣力輸送方式
Pneumatic conveying mode
1、按照每單位體積的氣體載體中所攜帶的粉體的質(zhì)量多少可分為：稀相氣力輸送和濃相氣力輸送，而濃相氣力輸送又分為濃相動(dòng)壓氣力輸送和濃相靜壓栓流氣力輸送。
1. According to the mass of powder carried in the gas carrier per unit volume, it can be divided into dilute phase pneumatic conveying and dense phase pneumatic conveying, while the dense phase pneumatic conveying can be divided into dense phase dynamic pressure pneumatic conveying and dense phase static pressure plug flow pneumatic conveying.
2、按照輸送方式氣力輸送粉狀物料的系統(tǒng)形式大致分為正壓氣力輸送、負(fù)壓氣力輸送。
2. According to the conveying mode, the system form of pneumatic conveying of powdery materials can be roughly divided into positive pressure pneumatic conveying and negative pressure pneumatic conveying.
氣力輸送方式詳解
Detailed explanation of pneumatic conveying mode
①吸送式。抽風(fēng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)后，整個(gè)系統(tǒng)呈一定的真空度，在壓差作用下空氣流使物料進(jìn)入吸嘴，并沿輸料管送卸料處的分離器內(nèi),物料從空氣流中分離后由分離器底卸出,氣流經(jīng)除塵器凈化后再經(jīng)消聲器排入大氣。優(yōu)點(diǎn)是供料簡(jiǎn)單，能從數(shù)處同時(shí)吸取物料。但輸送距離短，生產(chǎn)率低。密封性要求高。
① Suction type. After the exhaust fan is started, the whole system assumes a certain degree of vacuum. Under the effect of pressure difference, the air flow makes the material enter the suction nozzle, and is sent to the separator at the discharge place along the material delivery pipe. The material is separated from the air flow and discharged from the bottom of the separator. The air flow is purified by the dust collector and then discharged into the atmosphere through the muffler. The advantage is that the material supply is simple, and the material can be absorbed from several places at the same time. However, the conveying distance is short and the productivity is low. High sealing requirements.

吸送式氣力輸送系統(tǒng)
Suction pneumatic conveying system
②壓送式。羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)將空氣壓入輸送管，物料從供料器供入，空氣和物料的混合物沿輸料管被壓送卸料處,物料經(jīng)分離器后卸出,空氣經(jīng)除塵器凈化后排入大氣。特點(diǎn)與吸送式相反,可同時(shí)將物料輸送到幾處,輸送距離較長(zhǎng)，生產(chǎn)率較高，但結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。
② Press type. Roots blower will press air into the conveying pipe, and materials will be supplied from the feeder. The mixture of air and materials will be pressed to the discharge place along the conveying pipe, and the materials will be discharged after the separator, and the air will be discharged into the atmosphere after being purified by the dust collector. Contrary to the suction type, it can transport materials to several places at the same time, with a long conveying distance, high productivity, but complex structure.
壓送式氣力輸送系統(tǒng)
Pressure pneumatic conveying system
③混合式。為上述兩種形式的組合。
③ Hybrid. Is a combination of the above two forms.
吸送式、壓送式相結(jié)合氣力輸送系統(tǒng)
Combined pneumatic conveying system of suction and pressure
氣力輸送系統(tǒng)與機(jī)械式連續(xù)輸送裝置相比，其特點(diǎn)是：物料在輸送過(guò)程中完全密閉，受氣候和環(huán)境的影響小，工人工作條件好,物料不致受潮、污損或混入雜質(zhì)，設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單,結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，布置靈活，占地較小，設(shè)備費(fèi)用低，可同時(shí)進(jìn)行某些工藝（如粉碎、烘干、分級(jí)）作業(yè)，易于集中控制，可實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化，提高輸送能力。除易碎、粘附性強(qiáng)、磨琢性大、有腐蝕性和易起化學(xué)變化的物料需特殊處理外，一般松散物料均可輸送。
Compared with the mechanical continuous conveying device, the pneumatic conveying system has the following characteristics: materials are completely closed during the conveying process, less affected by the climate and environment, good working conditions for workers, materials will not be affected by moisture, dirt or impurities, simple equipment, compact structure, flexible layout, small floor space, low equipment cost, and can carry out some processes (such as crushing, drying, grading) at the same time, easy to centralized control, and can achieve automation, Improve the conveying capacity. In addition to the materials that are fragile, adhesive, abrasive, corrosive and prone to chemical change, which need special treatment, generally loose materials can be transported.
缺點(diǎn)是能耗較大，對(duì)物料的塊度、粘性和濕度有一定限制，風(fēng)機(jī)噪聲大，輸送磨削性物料時(shí)，管道易磨損。為克服上述缺點(diǎn)，正在發(fā)展一種靜壓式輸送裝置。其基本原理是在輸送管中形成許多彼此相間的料栓和氣栓，用空氣壓力推送料栓前進(jìn)以達(dá)到輸送的目的。
The disadvantage is that the energy consumption is large, and there are certain restrictions on the size, viscosity and humidity of materials. The fan noise is large, and the pipeline is easy to wear when conveying abrasive materials. In order to overcome the above shortcomings, a hydrostatic conveying device is being developed. Its basic principle is to form many material plugs and air plugs in the conveying pipe, and push the material plug forward with air pressure to achieve the purpose of conveying.
此外,還有將氣流充入粉狀物料中,使物料流動(dòng)性好而便于輸送的空氣輸送斜槽氣力輸灰系統(tǒng)裝置屬于密相中壓氣力輸送，適用于不易破碎顆粒、粉料物料的輸送。
In addition, there is also an air conveying chute pneumatic ash conveying system device that fills the air flow into the powder material to make the material flow well and easy to transport. The device belongs to dense phase medium pressure pneumatic conveying, and is applicable to the transportation of non-fragile particles and powder materials.